Search results for "Adaptive dynamics"

showing 2 items of 2 documents

Evolutionary Hysteresis and Ratchets in the Evolution of Periodical Cicadas

2019

It has been previously hypothesized that the perfectly synchronized mass emergence of periodical cicadas (Magicicada spp.) evolved as a result of a switch from size-based to age-based emergence. In the former case, cicada nymphs emerge immediately (at the first opportunity) on reaching maturity, whereas in the latter case, nymphs wait in order to emerge at a specific age. Here we use an individual-based model to simulate the cicada life cycle and to study the evolution of periodicity. We find that if age-based emergence evolves in a constant abiotic environment, it typically results in a population that is protoperiodic, and synchronous emergence of the whole population is not achieved. How…

MaleNymph0106 biological sciencesADAPTIVE DYNAMICSEcology (disciplines)evoluutioEnvironmentperiodicityECOLOGY010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesMagicicadaHemipteraHOMOPTERA-CICADIDAE13-YEAR03 medical and health sciencestemporally varying environmentsAnimalsLife History TraitsEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biologyPhysics0303 health sciencessynchronous life cycleModels GeneticbiologyEcologykaskaatkronobiologiabiology.organism_classificationBiological Evolution17-YEAR LIFE-CYCLESindividual-based simulationHysteresis (economics)Periodical cicadasMutation1181 Ecology evolutionary biologyFemale
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A mathematical model for the therapy of the HIV infection

2005

In this paper we consider the evolution of the HIV infection under a highly effective treatment based on a combination of RTI and/or PI drugs. This is usually modelled with a set of ODEs where the drug efficacy is a constant. In this paper we consider the treatment efficacy as a dynamic variable which evolves during the treatment. To model the dynamics of the drug efficacy we use an evolutive type assumption. The resulting set of ODEs are able to reproduce the typical pattern of the illness evolution under treatment: a period of remission, which can last several years, followed by a progressive recrudescence and a viral rebound.

Virus resistanceODE’s systemsFOS: Biological sciencesFitnessPopulations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)HIV infectionQuantitative Biology - Populations and EvolutionQuantitative Biology - Quantitative MethodsAdaptive dynamicsQuantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
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